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Heuristics and sports
Heuristics, simple decision making strategies, are common in sports. Many sports require skills of fast decision making given that decisions are often made under time pressure. How does and how should a soccer player decide whether to shoot for a goal or to pass the ball, and to whom to pass it? How do basketball coaches decide which player should shoot the last shot? In such conditions, athletes, coaches, and referees have no time for elaborate decisions. Instead, they use simple strategies based on limited information. In addition, some sports skills, like catching a ball in baseball, can be performed successfully by following simple rules despite being computationally complex.
The following table provides a list of efficient heuristics for decision making in sports:
== Gaze heuristic ==
The gaze heuristic is used by humans and animals for catching flying objects. It entails the fixation of one’s gaze to the object and adjustment of the running speed so that the angle of the gaze remains constant while approaching the object (see the three decision rules in the table above). Empirical evidence shows that experienced ball-catchers use the gaze heuristic and similar heuristics, as do dogs when trying to catch Frisbees.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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